Molecular subtypes of Breast cancer is biologically classified using ER, PR, and HER2 status (and sometimes proliferation/genomic assays). These markers […]
Genetic testing for cancer risk should be considered when personal or family history suggests a hereditary cancer syndrome. This includes
Biomarker-driven therapy is a precision oncology approach where cancer treatment is selected based on specific molecular characteristics of a tumor
Cancer treatment should not be determined by age alone. Elderly patients require physiologic assessment beyond chronological age, while adolescents and
Cancer stage describes where the disease has spread. Molecular subtype explains how the cancer behaves. In modern oncology, treatment decisions
Pillar: Treatment Strategy & Second Opinions Direct Answer: A structured second opinion in oncology is a systematic re-evaluation of diagnosis,
Genetic testing in cancer evaluates inherited (germline) mutations that may influence both treatment decisions and long-term risk assessment. It helps
Precision oncology is a structured approach to cancer treatment that integrates tumor biology, molecular profiling, and patient-specific clinical factors to
Molecular profiling in lung cancer identifies specific genetic alterations within a tumor that determine which therapy is most biologically appropriate.